Recent reports have emerged about cases of West Nile virus in Spain and Italy, raising concerns among travellers about this potentially deadly virus.
What is West Nile Virus and What Are the Symptoms?
West Nile virus (WNV) belongs to the same family of viruses as dengue and yellow fever. While the virus often presents no symptoms in about 80% of cases, the other 20% can develop West Nile fever, characterised by sudden high fever, headaches, neck stiffness, and rashes. In severe cases, it can lead to neurological diseases such as meningitis or encephalitis, which can be fatal in 10% of those cases.
Recent Outbreaks in Europe
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has confirmed that the recent cases in Spain and Italy were locally acquired. This is significant as it indicates that the virus is not just a tropical concern but a European one too. The cases in Modena, Italy, and Seville, Spain, underline the necessity of awareness and precaution for travellers.
How to Protect Yourself Against West Nile Virus
Currently, there is no vaccine available for humans against WNV. The best way to protect yourself is by preventing mosquito bites. Here are some practical tips:
- Avoid Travelling During Peak Mosquito Seasons: If possible, plan your trips outside of times when mosquitoes are most active, typically in the summer.
- Use Mosquito Repellent: Apply mosquito repellent on exposed skin and clothing.
- Cover Up: Wear long sleeves, trousers, and socks to minimise exposed skin.
- Keep Mosquitoes Out: Use screens on windows and doors, and consider sleeping under a mosquito net if you’re in a high-risk area.
Why Are Mosquito-Borne Illnesses Increasing in Europe?
Climate change is playing a significant role in the rising cases of mosquito-borne illnesses. Record-high temperatures and extreme weather events are creating favourable conditions for mosquitoes to thrive in regions that were previously unaffected. Increased international travel also contributes to the spread of these viruses.
Regions Most Affected in Europe
In recent years, the presence of dengue-carrying tiger mosquitoes has been confirmed in several European countries, including Austria, France, Germany, and Spain. West Nile virus has also been reported across Europe, with significant outbreaks in Romania, Greece, and Italy. In 2023 alone, there were 713 locally acquired cases in the EU/EEA, with 67 reported deaths.
Why Travel Insurance is Vital
Travelling comes with its share of risks, including health concerns like mosquito-borne viruses. Travel insurance can provide you with essential coverage for medical expenses, cancellations, and emergencies. It ensures that if you do fall ill, you’re not left with hefty medical bills or logistical nightmares. Always make sure your travel insurance covers potential health issues in the regions you’re visiting.
Stay informed, stay protected, and enjoy your travels with peace of mind. Safe travels!